![]() ![]() A difference in the stimulus transduction mechanism between ACS and BCV may explain this dissimilarity in response rates ( Curthoys et al., 2011). VEMPs can be evoked using air conduction stimulation (ACS) or bone conduction vibration (BCV) however, ACS consistently demonstrates lower response rates compared to BCV in adults ( Nguyen et al., 2010 Wang et al. Ocular VEMP (oVEMP) utilizes similar stimulation to evoke an excitatory EMG response from the contralateral inferior oblique extraocular muscle and is mediated by the utricle, superior portion of the vestibular nerve, and some saccular afferents ( Todd et al. Cervical VEMP (cVEMP) utilizes high-intensity, short-duration stimulation to evoke an inhibitory electromyogram (EMG) response from the contracted ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and is mediated by the saccule and inferior portion of the vestibular nerve ( Colebatch and Halmagyi, 1992 Colebatch et al. ![]() The VEMP is based on the acoustic and vibratory sensitivity of the otolith organs. The objective, non-invasive, time-saving, and well-tolerated nature of the VEMP test makes it especially appropriate for use in the pediatric population. While the majority of clinical research in VEMP testing is focused on adults, recent research supports the use of VEMP in children ( Picciotti et al. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are fundamental to the comprehensive vestibular assessment because function of each otolith organ (utricle and saccule) and vestibular nerve branch (superior and inferior) can be uniquely evaluated. ![]()
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